What does the Czech Republic’s law say about cannabis possession?

Since January 2026, the Czech Republic has had new rules for cannabis. Adults may possess limited quantities there, considerably more at home (100 grams) than when out and about (25 grams), and may grow up to three plants at their main residence from the age of 21. A legal sale of recreational cannabis does not exist, and cannabis clubs like those in Germany are not provided for. The information is based on a report from a news portal dated 2 January 2026. An official source such as the Czech collection of laws was not read.

Possession at home: 100 grams

According to the report, adults may possess up to 100 grams of dried cannabis at home. This is the largest quantity in the overview and applies to the place of residence. Anyone keeping this quantity in daily life should still bear in mind that rules can change over time.

Possession in public: 25 grams

According to the report, only up to 25 grams of dried cannabis is permitted when out and about. The limit is therefore well below the quantity for the home. For travellers this is the most important figure, because it can easily be exceeded in everyday life, for example when carrying it in a rucksack or visiting friends.

Home cultivation from the age of 21

Since 1 January 2026, adults aged 21 and over may grow up to three cannabis plants at their main residence. The age limit is therefore higher than in Germany, where home cultivation is permitted from the age of 18.

Home cultivation applies only to the main residence. Anyone growing plants elsewhere falls outside this rule. Here too, the exact conditions should be checked with the competent bodies on the spot.

No legal sale and no clubs

The report makes clear that the new law does not permit legal retail of recreational cannabis. Unlike in Germany, there are no cannabis clubs in the Czech Republic. Anyone wanting to buy cannabis there is operating outside the permitted routes. For people from Germany who know about clubs, this is an important difference.

Comparison with Germany

The following overview sets the rules side by side. The German figures come from the Consumer Cannabis Act, the Czech ones from the report.

Rule	Germany	Czech Republic according to the report
Possession for adults	25 grams from the age of 18 (§ 3 KCanG)	25 grams when out and about
Possession at the place of residence	50 grams of flowers or plant material (§ 3 KCanG)	100 grams of dried cannabis
Home cultivation	Up to three plants from the age of 18 (§ 9 KCanG)	Up to three plants from the age of 21 at the main residence
Cannabis clubs	Cannabis associations under § 11 KCanG	Not provided for

Notably, the Czech Republic is more generous with possession at home, but only allows home cultivation from the age of 21. On sale and clubs, it remains strict.

What to note before a trip to the Czech Republic

Anyone travelling to the Czech Republic should not carry larger quantities, even if they would be permitted at home. The rules for quantities when out and about are stricter than those for the place of residence. Which consequences follow if the limits are exceeded is set out in Czech regulations. Ask the competent authorities of the country or a specialist lawyer before travelling.

German rules also apply to travellers. Possession in Germany is governed by the KCanG. Importing cannabis into Germany, exporting it and transporting it through Germany are prohibited, even if it was acquired lawfully abroad (§ 2(1) Nos. 5 and 6 and § 34(1) Nos. 5 and 6 KCanG). A good overview of possession quantities is in the article on possession when out and about.

Where reliable information comes from

For legal information about a foreign country, the official body of that country is the best source. The German embassy or consulate can also help with questions about entry and residence. News reports give a first overview, but they do not replace a check of the current legal position.

If you are unsure about your own situation, for example because of criminal proceedings or a driving licence, a specialist lawyer with experience abroad should help. What matters is to find out before the trip, not only at a checkpoint.

Getting quantities right

Many misunderstandings arise over quantities. According to the report, a much lower limit applies when out and about than at the place of residence. Anyone carrying cannabis should therefore keep the quantity well below the limit. Anyone unsure should ask the authorities of the country beforehand.

Prevention: know the rules abroad

A relaxation in one country does not mean that use is harmless. The health risks remain, and they apply to young people in particular. Anyone travelling abroad should therefore know the legal position and at the same time keep their own limits in view.

What you can do now

Before a trip, check the current legal position with the authorities of the country and with the German embassy or consulate. If you are unsure, let a specialist lawyer advise you. The German framework is explained in the article on possession and quantities, and the basics of the law are described in the guide to the KCanG.